The new case that you will learn is called genitive, or kilmininkas.

If a word's ending is changed to this case, the word gets a possessive meaning. Let's see what that means.

In the previous lesson you have learned some family words. We can make them all genitive:

tėvas (father) becomes tėvo
brolis (brother) becomes brolio
sūnus (son) becomes sūnaus
mama (mom) becomes mamos
sesė (sister) becomes sesės.

You also remember some names. Let's make them genitive too:

Kazys becomes Kazio
Dalia becomes Dalios

When you change a word's ending into the genitive case, the word denotes a possession of (or a sort of relationship with) the previous word. It is equivalent to English 's:

father's = tėvo
brother's = brolio
son's = sūnaus

Just like in English, you have to add another word to say what belongs to what:

father's brother = tėvo brolis
brother's son = brolio sūnus
son's mother = sūnaus mama
mother's sister = mamos sesė
mother of Kazys = Kazio mama
Dalia's father = Dalios tėvas