Lithuanian grammar is based on cases. It means that if you change the ending of a word, then the word changes its purpose. That is, the same word can have a different function depending on its ending.

For example, if you change the ending of the noun vyras (a man) into vyro, then it would mean man's. If you change it into vyrui, then it would mean to a man. (Vyro vyras vyrui literally means A man's man to a man.)

You can transform vyras into 14 different endings. These endings are called cases. In the table below you can see all 14 of them (7 in singular and 7 in plural).

At the moment you know only one case (the nominative) and five words of it: vyras, Vytautas, Laimis, Kazys, Darius. In further lessons you will be introduced to the rest of the cases.